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A dismissed case is closed. However, a closed case doesn't mean it's always dismissed. A closed case means there's nothing else going on with the case. A case can be closed if no charges are filed, but not technically dismissed.
A plaintiff's right to dismiss a petition without prejudice to a future action has been the law since the founding of this state. The Iowa Code of 1851 provided that a party may dismiss a case ?at any time before the jury return with their verdict.? Iowa Code § 1803 (1851).
A dismissal with prejudice is much more desirable for the defendant than dismissal without prejudice. When a criminal case is dismissed with prejudice, the prosecutor cannot file new charges or reopen the case. The dismissal permanently ends the case in the defendant's favor.
?With prejudice? means that you cannot re-file your case ever. ?Without prejudice? means that you can re-file your case at a later date (as long as you are still within the statute of limitations).
Iowa Rule of Civil Procedure 1.943 provides that a second voluntary dismissal ?shall operate as an adjudication against that party on the merits, unless otherwise ordered by the court, in the interests of justice.? Merrill and Frescoln do not dispute they understood their second dismissals would be with prejudice.
A case dismissed with prejudice is considered a final ruling on the merits of that case. A case dismissed without prejudice is not considered a ruling on the merits and the plaintiff is free to file a new lawsuit on the same grounds if they wish to do so.
?With prejudice? means that you cannot re-file your case ever. ?Without prejudice? means that you can re-file your case at a later date (as long as you are still within the statute of limitations).
A dismissal with prejudice means that the ruling is the final judgment in the case. The dismissal prohibits the prosecutor from refiling the charges. In a dismissal without prejudice, the prosecutor can refile the charges (or file new charges based on the same circumstances) at some future time.