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Aggravating circumstances refers to factors that increases the severity or culpability of a criminal act. Typically, the presence of an aggravating circumstance will lead to a harsher penalty for a convicted criminal.
Mitigating factors No prior criminal record. Playing a minor role in the crime. The victim's liability. Past abuse that led to the criminal conduct. Provocation. Emotional distress. Physical or mental illness. Genuine remorse.
In criminal law, mitigating circumstances are factors that help to lessen the guilt of an offender and encourage the judge to be more lenient in their sentencing.
Other common mitigating circumstances include: The defendant having no prior or significant criminal record. The defendant playing a minor role in the crime. The defendant recognizing the error of their ways. The defendant making restitution to the victim of their crime.
Mitigating and aggravating factors are intended to help judges craft sentences that are consistent and proportional to the severity of the offense and the defendant's criminal history. Judges can't use a fact that is an element of the crime to impose an aggravated (higher than default) sentence.
Whether the defendant was an accessory or the primary offender. Whether the defendant acted under great stress or duress. Whether the defendant's actions hurt someone. Whether the defendant acted in a particularly cruel, destructive, or vindictive manner.
In a 7-2 decision in the case of Ring v. Arizona, the U.S. Supreme Court held that a defendant has the right to have a jury, rather than a judge, decide on the existence of an aggravating factor that makes the defendant eligible for the death penalty.
Any fact or circumstance that increases the severity or culpability of a criminal act. Aggravating factors include recidivism, lack of remorse, amount of harm to the victim, or committing the crime in front of a child, among many others. The recognition of particular aggravating factors varies by jurisdiction.
What Are Some Examples of Mitigating Factors? The defendant's age. The defendant's mental capacity. The crime was an accident. Self defense. Provocation or heat of passion The defendant repented from his actions.
If the survivor suffered mental or physical injury as a result of the assault; multiple perpetrators or accomplices; use or threat of use of weapons; if the survivor is physically or mentally impaired; and.