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In short, "clear" describes the character of unambiguous evidence, whether true or false; "convincing" describes the effect of evidence on an observer.
The Model Jury Instruction Committee is comprised of outstanding and experienced Virginia judges, practicing attorneys, and law professors who devote substantial time in the maintenance of this essential litigation resource.
In summary, the clear and convincing standard is higher than the preponderance of the evidence standard but lower than the beyond a reasonable doubt standard. It requires a high level of certainty in the evidence presented, but not to the same extent as in criminal cases.
Yes. Every juror must agree on the verdict. This is known as a unanimous verdict. If the jury cannot agree, then the judge must declare a mistrial.
Defendants claim that alter ego liability is a question of law that the Court must determine. Plaintiffs claim just the opposite; that alter ego liability is a matter of fact, to be resolved by the trier of fact: the jury.
The evidence must be credible; the memories of the witnesses must be clear and without confusion; and the sum total of the evidence must be of sufficient weight to convince the trier of fact without hesitancy.
In order to prove something by clear and convincing standard the evidence must prove that it is ?substantially more likely than not? that it is true. There isn't an exact percentage you have to win by under this standard but a rule of thumb would be approximately 80%.
Ing to the Supreme Court in Colorado v. New Mexico, 467 U.S. 310 (1984), "clear and convincing? means that the evidence is highly and substantially more likely to be true than untrue. In other words, the fact finder must be convinced that the contention is highly probable.