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Huffman was accused of paying $15,000 to the scam's mastermind to raise her daughter's SAT scores. She pleaded guilty to conspiracy to commit mail fraud and honest services mail fraud. ?And I know hindsight is 20/20 but it felt like I would be a bad mother if I didn't do it,? Huffman told KABC.
Elements and Defenses to Honest Services Fraud To be guilty of violating the honest services fraud statute, you must owe a duty of honest service to someone and have deprived that person or entity of the duty owed by accepting a bribe or kickback from another person.
(the four essential elements of the crime of wire fraud are: (1) that the defendant voluntarily and intentionally devised or participated in a scheme to defraud another out of money; (2) that the defendant did so with the intent to defraud; (3) that it was reasonably foreseeable that interstate wire communications ...
United States, 2010) Thus, honest services fraud involves three entities: Someone offering a bribe or kickback; Someone accepting the bribe or kickback; and. A victim?someone deprived of the intangible right of honest services due to the bribe or kickback.
Miller reasoned that ?to be guilty of wire fraud, a defendant must act with the intent not only to make false statements or utilize other forms of deception, but also to deprive a victim of money or property by means of those deceptions. In other words, a defendant must intend to deceive and cheat.? Id.
§ 1341 are (1) the existence of a scheme to defraud; (2) the participation by the defendant in the particular scheme charged with the specific intent to defraud; and (3) the use of the United States mails in furtherance of the fraudulent scheme.
Honest services fraud is defined in federal statute 18 U.S.C. §1346 as a scheme to defraud another of the intangible right to honest services through a scheme to violate a fiduciary duty by bribery or kickbacks. A fiduciary duty is a duty to act only for the benefit of the public, an employer, shareholders, or a union.
In the United States, common law generally identifies nine elements needed to establish fraud: (1) a representation of fact; (2) its falsity; (3) its materiality; (4) the representer's knowledge of its falsity or ignorance of its truth; (5) the representer's intent that it should be acted upon by the person in the ...