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A grand jury focuses on preliminary criminal matters only and assesses evidence presented by a prosecutor to determine whether there is ?probable cause? to believe an individual committed a crime and should be put on trial.
The phrase "beyond a reasonable doubt" means that the evidence presented and the arguments put forward by the prosecution establish the defendant's guilt so clearly that they must be accepted as fact by any rational person.
The court may instruct the jury before or after the arguments are completed, or at both times.
The requirement of a preliminary hearing before a judge or magistrate is viewed as providing the accused constitutional protection and the opportunity to challenge the evidence, protections and rights not provided in grand jury proceedings.
This means that the prosecution must convince the jury that there is no other reasonable explanation that can come from the evidence presented at trial. In other words, the jury must be virtually certain of the defendant's guilt in order to render a guilty verdict.
In all criminal trials the Crown must prove each and every essential element beyond a reasonable doubt. The standard of "reasonable doubt" consists of a doubt based on reason and common sense which must be logically based upon the evidence or lack of evidence. It is not based on "sympathy or prejudice."