California Jury Instruction - 1.1 Comparative Negligence Defense
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FAQ
Comparative Negligence as a Legal Defense The defense must establish that the victim's actions aided in causing the accident. While a comparative negligence defense would not absolve a defendant from blame, it would reduce their level of fault and any costs they are ordered to pay.
Because defendant has charged the plaintiff with negligence, it is his/her burden to prove that plaintiff was negligent and that such negligence was a proximate cause of the accident. Defendant also must prove his/her charge by a preponderance or greater weight of the credible evidence.
To successfully defend against a negligence suit, the defendant will try to negate one of the elements of the plaintiff's cause of action. In other words, the defendant introduces evidence that they: Did not owe a duty to the plaintiff. Exercised reasonable care.
California uses the pure comparative negligence standard. This means that even if an injured person was 99 percent at fault in the accident, he or she may still recover damages from the defendant who was one percent at fault. The damages, though, will be far less than the total value of the injury.
California is a pure comparative negligence state. State courts allow injured parties to collect damages even if they are 99% at fault for an accident. California does not cap the amount of fault at 50%, as is the case in modified comparative negligence states.
The right to a punitive damages award in California is strictly statutory. Civil Code section 3294 provides that a plaintiff can obtain punitive damages when it is proven by clear and convincing evidence that the defendant has been guilty of oppression, fraud or malice. (See also CACI 3940-3942.)
Scott requested the court give CACI No. 413 which states: "You may consider customs or practices in the community in deciding whether defendant acted reasonably. Customs and practices do not necessarily determine what a reasonable person would have done in defendant's situation.
CACI (Pronounced "Casey") is the name of the Judicial Council of California Civil Jury Instructions, the official civil jury instructions and verdict forms approved by the council on July 16, 2003. "CACI" means "California Civil Instructions."
To prove contributory negligence, they must demonstrate the following: There was a failure on the part of the claimant to take reasonable care for their own safety; This caused or contributed to the injury; and. Harm to the claimant was reasonably foreseeable.
Comparative negligence is a partial defense to personal injury liability. If a defendant is sued, the defendant can raise this defense by claiming the plaintiff was partly responsible for injuries. The plaintiff's compensation is reduced by the percentage of fault they shares.