The Surrogate's Court will issue Short Certificates (Letters Testamentary) to the executor, which the executor will use to obtain access to the decedent's estate assets. The executor will then distribute the assets pursuant to the terms of the will.
Typically, if an individual passes away leaving assets worth more than $20,000 with no named beneficiary or joint owner, their estate will need to go through probate. This includes bank accounts, real property, and other tangible assets.
Surrogate Court Administration – When someone dies without executing a Last Will and Testament, the Surrogate's Court appoints an administrator/administratrix and issues letters authorizing the transfer of assets in the decedent's name.
Even if an estate contains probate assets, you might be surprised to learn you may not need to go through a full formal probate. If the value of the decedent's estate is less than $25,000 and does not contain any real property, than a limited version of probate called Voluntary Administration may qualify.
Trusts are an excellent option for someone looking to avoid probate. However, you do not necessarily need a trust to avoid probate. Other options that may allow you to avoid probate proceedings include joint ownership of property, POD/TOD designations, and beneficiary deeds and designations.
The executor named in the will must apply for Letters of Testamentary, which are usually issued to the executor during the initial meeting with the surrogate. Information on next of kin. Bring the names and addresses of all next of kin of the decedent, even if these individuals are not listed in the will.
One question we get is “do the letters of testamentary expire?” Technically, no, they don't expire.
Eligibility. The Act states that a Spouse or Cohabitee or Child or other person maintained by the deceased can potentially make a claim. The Applicant must be alive to claim and if they die then their personal representatives cannot continue with a claim.
Personal representatives (i.e., executors and administrators of the estate) are required to provide beneficiaries and other interested parties (i.e., persons or entities with a financial stake in the estate) with financial information about the estate they are overseeing.
How long do most estates take to settle? It usually takes anywhere from 6-12 months for an executor to settle an estate, but there are other factors that can influence this, such as jurisdiction, probate time, executor's ability and experience, complexity of the estate, or challenges.