When you withdraw income from your Roth IRA, you must report it on Form 8606. This form helps you track your basis in regular Roth contributions and conversions. It also shows if you've withdrawn earnings.
A Roth IRA differs from a traditional IRA in several ways. Contributions to a Roth IRA aren't deductible (and you don't report the contributions on your tax return), but qualified distributions or distributions that are a return of contributions aren't subject to tax.
If your investing and tax strategy for retirement includes tax-advantaged Roth accounts, you've probably heard about the IRS's five-year rule. The simple version says the Roth account needs to have been funded for five years before you withdraw any earnings—even after you've reached age 59½—or you could owe taxes.
The early withdrawal penalty for a traditional or Roth individual retirement account is 10% of the amount withdrawn. Keep in mind that you may also owe income tax in addition to the penalty. You can withdraw contributions (but not earnings) early from a Roth IRA without being subject to income tax and the penalty.
Key Takeaways. Earnings that you withdraw from a Roth IRA don't count as income as long as you meet the rules for qualified distributions. Typically, you will need to have had a Roth IRA for at least five years and be at least 59½ years old for a distribution to count as qualified, but there are some exceptions.
You will receive a Form 1099-R when you make a withdrawal from a IRA, 401(k) or other retirement account. This form includes information such as: the amount you withdrew, how much is taxable (if that was determined), any taxes that were withheld, and a code that shows what type of distribution it was.
Contributions: Because your Roth IRA contributions are made with after-tax dollars, you can withdraw your regular contributions (not the earnings) at any time and at any age with no penalty or tax. Earnings: Account earnings are taxable only if the distribution isn't a qualified distribution.