Form with which the stockholders of a corporation record the contents of a special meeting.
Form with which the stockholders of a corporation record the contents of a special meeting.
In the cellular biology, stress granules are biomolecular condensates in the cytosol composed of proteins and RNA that assemble into 0.1–2 μm membraneless organelles when the cell is under stress.
Stress granules typically contain poly(A)+ mRNA, 40S ribosomal subunits, eIF4E, eIF4G, eIF4A, eIF4B, Poly(A) binding protein (Pabp), eIF3, and eIF2 (Kedersha et al, 1999; 2002; Kimball et al, 2003; Mazroui et al, 2006; Anderson and Kedersha 2006), although the composition can vary.
Abstract. Stress granules are macromolecular aggregates of mRNA and proteins assembling in response to stresses that promote the repression of protein synthesis. Most of the work characterizing stress granules has been done under acute stress conditions or during viral infection.
The assembly of SGs is largely driven by liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), however the molecular mechanisms behind that are not fully understood. Recent studies have proposed a novel mechanism for SG formation that involves the interplay of a large interaction network of mRNAs and proteins.
First, stress granules form when translation initiation is inhibited either by drugs or by stress responses 4. Similarly, stress granule-like RNP granules exist in neurons and embryos where there are significant pools of untranslating mRNPs 17.
Taken together, stress granule disassembly may occur through multiple steps wherein RNA is titrated out of stress granule into translation leading to structural instability and subsequent disassembly of a larger stress granule complex into smaller core structures that are then disassembled or cleared by autophagy.