Accomplice Liability; Aiding and Abetting is a legal concept which holds someone responsible for participating in a crime, even if they were not directly involved in the actual criminal act. Aiding and Abetting occurs when a person helps, assists, or encourages another person to commit a crime. This person is known as an accomplice. They are liable for the same criminal penalty as the person who committed the crime. There are two types of Accomplice Liability; Aiding and Abetting: 1. Active Aiding and Abetting: This is when a person actively participates in a crime. This includes helping, assisting, or encouraging another person to commit a crime, such as providing a weapon or transportation. 2. Passive Aiding and Abetting: This is when a person does not actively participate in a crime, but still encourages or assists the main criminal. This could include providing moral support, or not reporting the crime.