Impeachment of Defendant — Prior Inconsistent Statement Taken in Violation of Miranda refers to a court procedure in which one party attempts to discredit the testimony of another party by introducing evidence of a prior inconsistent statement. The statement must have been taken in violation of the defendant’s Miranda rights, such as when a defendant is not informed of their right to remain silent or their right to an attorney. There are two types of impeachment of defendant — prior inconsistent statement taken in violation of Miranda. The first is a direct impeachment, which involves introducing the statement to the court and allowing the accused to explain inconsistencies. The second type is indirect impeachment, which may include introducing evidence of the prior statement to the court or introducing evidence of a defendant’s conduct that is inconsistent with the prior statement, such as when a defendant testifies to an alibi but evidence shows they were in fact in the place of the crime.
Impeachment of Defendant - Prior Inconsistent Statement Taken in Violation of Miranda
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FAQ
A statement that the police obtained in violation of Miranda rights can be used to impeach the defendant's credibility as a witness, if it is inconsistent with their statements at trial.
Instead, if you give testimony or give statements, the statements are voluntary and can be used against you for all purposes, including criminally.
These include situations such as: The suspect is being asked questions that are standard booking procedures. The situation involves an emergency hostage situation or negotiation. The person is unaware that they are speaking with a police officer.
Impeachment Purposes If a defendant gives testimony at trial that conflicts with a statement made to the police, the prosecutor can offer a statement elicited in violation of Miranda to impeach (attack) the defendant's credibility. (Harris v. New York, 401 U.S. 222 (1971).)
The Court has already ruled that statements obtained in violation of Miranda may be used to impeach a defendant. Harris v.
Rule 613(b) allows a party to use a prior inconsistent statement to impeach a witness, but if the witness is called to the stand for sole purpose of impeaching him, the ?impeachment? is really a subterfuge for admitting the hearsay.
?In order to lay the proper predicate for impeachment by prior inconsistent statement, the witness must be advised of the substance of the prior inconsistent statement, the time and place the statement was made, and the person to whom the statement was made.? See Kimble v. State, 537 So.