Intentionally Defective Grantor Trust

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State:
Multi-State
Control #:
US-13409518
Format:
Word; 
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Description

An intentionally defective grantor trust is an estate-planning tool that is used to freeze certain assets of an individual for estate tax purposes, but not for income tax purposes. It is created as a grantor trust with a loophole that allows the trustor to continue paying income taxes on certain trust assets, as income tax laws will not recognize that those assets have been transferred away from the individual.
Because the grantor must pay the taxes on all trust income annually, the assets in the trust are allowed to grow tax-free, and thereby avoid gift taxation for the grantor’s beneficiaries. Thus, it is a loophole used to reduce estate tax exposure. This form contains some alternate provisions that the user may modify to suit the particular desires and needs of the grantor.

An Intentionally Defective Granter Trust (IDG) is an irrevocable trust created for estate planning purposes with the intention of shifting income and assets from the granter to beneficiaries while minimizing gift and estate taxes. The granter, who is also the trustee, maintains control over the trust assets and has the legal right to revoke the trust. The granter is also responsible for paying the trust's income taxes, which are reported as part of the granter's taxable income. The main types of Its include granter retained annuity trusts (Grants), qualified personnel residence trusts (Parts), and charitable lead trusts (Cuts). Grants are established to transfer assets to beneficiaries for a set period of time while minimizing the gift or estate tax burden. Parts allow the granter to transfer a personal residence to a trust while retaining a life estate and minimizing the gift or estate tax burden. Cuts are created to transfer assets to a charity for a set period of time while also transferring assets to beneficiaries after that period and minimizing the gift or estate tax burden.

Definition and meaning

An Intentionally Defective Grantor Trust (IDGT) is a type of irrevocable trust designed for estate planning. It allows the grantor, the person who creates the trust, to retain certain powers that make the trust 'defective' for income tax purposes. Consequently, income generated by the trust assets is still taxable to the grantor, even though the trust is treated as a separate entity for estate and gift tax purposes. This structure can provide significant tax benefits while preserving assets for future generations.

Legal use and context

The Intentionally Defective Grantor Trust is primarily used in estate planning to achieve various tax strategies, including reducing estate taxes and providing for beneficiaries without incurring gift taxes at the time of asset transfer. By intentionally making the trust defective, grantors can ensure that they remain liable for tax on the trust's income, which may result in lower overall tax obligations. Legal guidance is often recommended when setting up such a trust due to its complexity and potential irreplaceable value in estate planning.

Key components of the form

When drafting an Intentionally Defective Grantor Trust, several key components must be included to ensure its effectiveness:

  • Grantor Information: Identification of the person creating the trust.
  • Trustee Information: Designation of one or more trustees responsible for managing the trust.
  • Beneficiaries: Listing of individuals or entities who will benefit from the trust.
  • Trust Terms: Specific details on how the trust's assets will be managed and distributed.
  • Trust Assets: A comprehensive list of assets being transferred into the trust.
  • Irrevocability Clause: A statement confirming that the trust cannot be modified or revoked after it is created.

These components work together to form a solid foundation for the trust, ensuring clarity and legal compliance.

How to complete a form

Completing an Intentionally Defective Grantor Trust form involves several important steps:

  1. Gather Necessary Information: Collect details about the grantor, trustee, and beneficiaries.
  2. Identify Trust Assets: Make a detailed list of all assets being transferred to the trust.
  3. Fill Out the Form: Accurately complete each section of the form, ensuring that all required information is included.
  4. Review the Draft: Consult with a legal professional to review the trust document for accuracy and compliance with state laws.
  5. Sign and Notarize: Once confirmed, have the form signed by the grantor and notarized to ensure its legal validity.

Common mistakes to avoid when using this form

When creating an Intentionally Defective Grantor Trust, it is crucial to avoid several common pitfalls:

  • Not consulting with a qualified attorney, which can result in legal complications.
  • Including unclear or vague terms in the trust document, leading to potential disputes.
  • Failing to adequately identify all assets being transferred, which may affect trust functionality.
  • Not reviewing state-specific legal requirements that may impact the trust’s validity.
  • Neglecting to regularly update the trust as circumstances change (e.g., new assets or changes in beneficiaries).

Benefits of using this form online

Utilizing an online service to create an Intentionally Defective Grantor Trust offers several advantages:

  • Convenience: Easily complete the process from anywhere, at any time.
  • Accessibility: Access templates and tools designed for users with varying levels of legal knowledge.
  • Cost-Effectiveness: Often more affordable than hiring a traditional lawyer for estate planning.
  • Streamlined Process: Guided steps help ensure that all necessary information is collected and legally sound.
  • Immediate Availability: Download and print the completed documents for your records immediately.
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How to fill out Intentionally Defective Grantor Trust?

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FAQ

The technique may involve a gift to the IDGT or a sale to the IDGT in exchange for a promissory note. An IDGT is a type of grantor trust, which means the grantor pays the income tax earned by the trust.

Another example is the Intentionally Defective Grantor Trust (IDGT). The IDGT is an Irrevocable Trust where, for strategic reasons, the Grantor decided to retain certain powers, so the Grantor pays the trust's income tax.

For example: Mom and Dad create an IDGT into which they wish to transfer $500,000 worth of stock. They can either gift the stock or sell it. If they sell it to the IDGT, they need to convey enough cash into the trust to cover its down payment to them. They enter into an agreement for a monthly amount.

An Intentionally Defective Grantor Trust is specifically designed to defect income taxes. Meaning the IRS has stated, for income tax purposes, the trust is tax neutral. The grantor or the irrevocable trust is required to pay income or capital gains taxes.

An Intentionally Defective Irrevocable Trust (IDIT) is a trust that contains certain provisions set forth in the Internal Revenue Code, which imputes the income to the Grantor as the creator of the trust, but excludes the trust assets from the Grantor's estate for estate tax purposes.

Remember that the grantor is responsible for the payment of income taxes incurred by the IDGT, and this includes capital gains taxes. Current federal capital gains tax rates (20%, or 23.8% if the net investment income tax applies) are lower than federal estate tax rates (40%).

For example, a client owns a business valued at $50MM, and has their entire 2021 lifetime gift exemption available ($11.7MM). If they choose to gift their maximum allowable amount to an IDGT, without discounts, they will have shifted approximately 23% of their business to the trust ($11.7MM/$50MM).

When a grantor is considered an owner of the trust for income tax purposes but has relinquished rights to the assets in the trust in a way that allows the grantor to not be considered the owner of the assets for estate tax purposes, this is called an Intentionally Defective Grantor Trust.

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Intentionally Defective Grantor Trust