This form may be used to answer a civil complaint. Affirmative defenses may be asserted, along with a counterclaim. An affirmative defense is a type of defense in which the defendant seeks to avoid liability by introducing new evidence not addresses in the claims of the plaintiff's complaint. A counterclaim is made by the defendant to a civil proceeding, in a main action against the plaintiff or against the plaintiff and other people. This claim may be an attempt to offset or reduce the amount/implications of the plaintiff's original claim against the defendant, or it may be a different claim.
Counterclaims are either compulsory or permissive. If the counterclaim is permissive, it may be brought, but no rights are waived if it is not. If the counterclaim is mandatory, it must be brought in the current action or it is waived. Under the United States Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, a counterclaim is compulsory if it involves only the parties currently part of the suit, and is from the same transaction that the original suit is based on. Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 13(a).
Puerto Rico General Form of Civil Answer with Affirmative Defenses and Counterclaim
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Affirmative Defence: a defence that, if proven, will eliminate liability despite all the elements of the offence having been made out. Negating Defence: a defence that negates one or more of the essential elements of the prosecution's case.
Affirmative adj 1 : asserting the existence of certain facts esp. in support of a cause of action [ proof] 2 : resulting from an intentional act [ concealment] 3 : involving or requiring application of effort [an duty] 4 : favoring or supporting a proposition or motion [an vote]
Examples of affirmative defenses include: Contributory negligence, which reduces a defendant's civil liability when the plaintiff's own negligence contributed to the plaintiff's injury. Statute of limitations, which prevents a party from prosecuting a claim after the limitations period has expired.
Self-defense, entrapment, insanity, necessity, and respondeat superior are some examples of affirmative defenses. Under the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Rule 56, any party may make a motion for summary judgment on an affirmative defense.
In conclusion, the main difference between a counterclaim and an affirmative defense is that a counterclaim is a claim made by a defendant against the plaintiff. In contrast, an affirmative defense is a defense raised by the defendant in response to the plaintiff's claim.
If you want the judge to consider your legal defenses, you must include them in the form you file to respond to the lawsuit (your Answer). Include any possible defense you want the judge to consider in your Answer. You can focus on one, once you've collected more evidence while preparing for your trial.
In criminal law, an affirmative defense is sometimes called a justification or excuse defense.
An affirmative defense is a confession and avoidance In contrast, a defendant who pleads an affirmative defense admits the plaintiff's allegations are true, but also pleads new facts which would allow him to avoid the consequences.