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Pleural effusion is an accumulation of fluid in the pleural space that is classified as transudate or exudate according to its composition and underlying pathophysiology. Empyema is defined by purulent fluid collection in the pleural space, which is most commonly caused by pneumonia.
GENERAL APPROACH TO MANAGEMENT The management of parapneumonic effusions and empyema generally includes prompt antibiotic initiation and drainage of infected pleural fluid. For most patients with known or suspected parapneumonic effusions or empyema, we start empiric antibiotics immediately.
Your doctor will usually perform certain tests or procedures to confirm a diagnosis:Chest X-rays and CT scans will show whether or not there's fluid in the pleural space.An ultrasound of the chest will show the amount of fluid and its exact location.More items...
There are two types of pleural effusions: transudative and exudative. Transudative pleural effusion fluid leaks into the pleural space; this type of pleural effusion is usually a result of conditions such heart failure or cirrhosis of the liver.
Empyema is a collection of pus between the lung and the chest wall (pleural space). Infections of the pleural space most commonly follow pneumonia, accounting for 40 to 60% of all empyema. Thoracotomy is the next most common cause of empyema, accounting for approximately 20%, and trauma accounts for another 10%.