Because of the one-class-of-stock restriction, an S corporation cannot allocate losses or income to specific shareholders. Allocation of income and loss is governed by stock ownership, unlike partnerships or LLCs taxed as partnerships where the allocation can be set in the partnership agreement or operating agreement.
For Arizona income tax purposes, Arizona recognizes a corporation's federal subchapter S election and, to the extent that S corporation income is included in federal adjusted gross income, it will be included in Arizona gross income and subject to Arizona tax.
You may or may not have heard of the S Corp Salary 60/40 rule. The guideline encourages setting reasonable compensation between 60% and 40% of the business's net profits. The IRS does not set this guideline. It should not be relied on as the only factor for deciding S corporation reasonable compensation.
You do not have to convert your LLC into a corporation. Instead, the LLC simply makes an election with the IRS to have the LLC taxed as an S corporation by having all members of the LLC sign an IRS Form 2553 and then file the signed Form 2553 with the IRS.
The IRS doesn't limit S corporation income. S corporations are incorporated companies that have made an election to be taxed as a pass-through entity rather than have double taxation.