One cannot just choose to leave a HOA if they purchased a home in an area that has one. The owner can sell their home or make a request to the association to have it removed if they no longer wish to be a part of the HOA.
The fundamental equation of a balance sheet is: Assets = Liabilities + Equity This means that the total value of an HOA's assets must always equal the sum of its liabilities and equity. If an HOA has more assets than liabilities, it has positive equity. If liabilities exceed assets, the HOA has negative equity.
Subdivisions with homeowners' associations established after Jan. 1, 1999, are governed by the North Carolina Planned Community Act found in Chapter 47F of the North Carolina General Statutes. However, no state or federal agency oversees homeowners' associations.
Percent funded is calculated by dividing the current reserve fund balance by the fully funded balance. In the above example, if the association has $30,000 in reserves in year 10, it is 60% funded ($30,000 / $50,000).
Limitations periods for HOA claims vary from state to state, but, in general, are usually somewhere between two and six years. In North Carolina, for example, HOA enforcement actions must be filed within three years. N.C.G.S. §47F-3-116(c).
In North Carolina, HOA bylaws do not need to be recorded with the state. However, certain documents, like the declaration of covenants, conditions, and restrictions (CC&Rs), typically must be filed with the relevant county's Register of Deeds.
Victims can file a complaint with the state's Attorney General's Office, FTC, or the CFPB.
A homeowner association (or homeowners' association HOA, sometimes referred to as a property owners' association POA, common interest development CID, or homeowner community) is a private, legally-incorporated organization that governs a housing community, collects dues, and sets rules for its residents.
Many HOAs maintain a website where governing documents are posted. To find HOA rules and regulations online: Navigate to the HOA's official website. Look for sections labeled “Documents,” “Governing Documents,” or “Rules and Regulations.”