If you are a nonresident of the U.S., you cannot claim the standard deduction. However, students and business apprentices from India may be eligible to claim the standard deduction under Article 21 of the U.S.A.-India Income Tax Treaty.
An individual claimed as a dependent must be a citizen, national, or resident of the United States, or a resident of Canada or Mexico.
In certain situations, you can claim your nonresident alien spouse as a dependent if they have no gross income and aren't a US citizen or resident. This allows you to use the head of household status. However, your spouse must have an ITIN, and you must provide over half of their support.
To obtain an ITIN, you must complete IRS Form W-7, IRS Application for Individual Taxpayer Identification Number. The Form W-7 requires documentation substantiating foreign/alien status and true identity for each individual.
The rule is that if someone ``can'' claim you as a dependent, you must check the box. It is not, did or will someone claim you as a dependent. There is nothing that requires your parents to claim you as a dependent if you qualify, they will just be giving up a $500 credit (potentially).
The child must be: (a) under age 19 at the end of the year and younger than you (or your spouse, if filing jointly), (b) under age 24 at the end of the year, a full- time student, and younger than you (or your spouse, if filing jointly), or (c) any age if permanently and totally disabled.
The short answer is no, you cannot claim yourself as a dependent on your tax return. This is because you are considered to have your own personal exemption.