Issue of Prospectus, Receiving Applications, Allotment of Shares are three basic steps of the procedure of issuing the shares. The process of creating new shares is known as Allocation or allotment.
Differential voting rights in a company are those shares that give the shareholder extra rights to vote as compared to other shareholders. These rights can be used by the shareholders to gain more votes or less votes based on their choice.
A company may issue equity shares which carry rights only with respect to dividend and do not carry any voting rights. Superior voting right means any right that gives the shareholder more than one vote per share.
Equity shares with differential voting rights (DVRs) are the kind of shares issued by a company that offers shareholders varying levels of the voting power. This means that some shareholders have more voting power than others and this can significantly impact the control and decision-making capabilities of the company.
Shares issued with differential rights shall not exceed 74% of the total voting power, including voting power in respect of equity shares with differential rights issued at any point of time.
Companies may divide their ordinary shares into different classes (e.g. “A” and “B”) with different rights attached to each class. Read our guide on shares for more information about share types, transfer and allotment of shares etc.
Shareholder cause of action -- Relief. A shareholder of a closely held corporation who is injured by oppressive conduct may bring a private cause of action against the closely held corporation.