The shares with Differential Voting Rights (DVRs) in a company means those shares that give the holder of the shares the differential rights related to voting, i.e. either more voting rights or less voting rights compared to the ordinary shareholders of the company.
DVR shares offer higher dividends or additional fiscal advantages in exchange for reduced or no voting privileges. As an alternative financial instrument, they enable organisations to raise capital to finance their ongoing or new endeavours without watering down control.
Disadvantages Of DVR Shares are as follows: Lower voting rights, reducing influence in company decisions. Potentially less liquid, making them harder to sell. May be viewed as less attractive to certain investors who value voting power.
How to Apply for a Rights Issue? The company will send a form to every shareholder entitled to receive the rights issue. The process is completed either in online or offline modes. Investors may receive a Rights Entitlement (RE) intimation in their email that is a temporary form of Demat securities.
Shares issued with differential rights shall not exceed 74% of the total voting power, including voting power in respect of equity shares with differential rights issued at any point of time.
Ing to the Companies Act, 2013, companies limited by shares can issue DVRs, but it will be as a part of the company's share capital. Ideally shares with differential voting rights are considered to be a robust means of raising capital without giving up control over the company.
Lack of liquidity: Since unlisted shares cannot be traded on exchanges, they are more difficult to sell and are, hence, less liquid. Limited disclosures: Unlisted companies have less stringent disclosure requirements compared to listed companies. Investors must perform thorough due diligence before investing.
Digital Video Recorders (DVR) disadvantages include: Requires local wiring and connectivity. Installation can be complex with multiple cameras and locations. Separate power supply required. Not suitable for use with IP camera.
Tata Motors, Gujarat NRE Coke, Pantaloon Retail, Jain Irrigation are some of the Indian companies that have issued DVR shares. E.g.: Tata Motors' DVR shares carry voting rights which are one-tenth of the ordinary equity shares.