Plaintiff seeks to recover damages from her employer for employment discrimination and sexual harassment. Plaintiff states in her complaint that the acts of the defendant are so outrageous that punitive damages are due up to and including attorney fees.
Title Vii And Section 1981 In Hillsborough
State:
Multi-State
County:
Hillsborough
Control #:
US-000296
Format:
Word;
Rich Text
Instant download
Description
Free preview
Form popularity
FAQ
Title VII is the federal employment statute prohibiting discrimination based on all protected classes, while Section 1981 only prohibits discrimination based on race and is not limited to the employment context.
Section 1981 prohibits discrimination by private businesses and individuals, and Section 1983 prohibits people in the state and local government from violating people's constitutional rights (including committing race discrimination). There are also state laws prohibiting race discrimination.
As amended, § 1981 now defines the right to make and enforce contracts to include “the making, performance, modification, and termination of contracts, and the enjoyment of all benefits, privileges, terms, and conditions of the contractual relationship.”
Section 1981, which is codified at 42 U.S.C. 1981, protects the equal right of all persons to make and enforce contracts without respect to race.
§ 1981a(b)(3)) caps the amount of “compensatory damages awarded … for future pecuniary losses, emotional pain, suffering, inconvenience, mental anguish, loss of enjoyment of life, and other nonpecuniary losses, and the amount of punitive damages” to between $50,000 and $300,000, depending on the size of the employer.
Section 1983 provides an individual the right to sue state government employees and others acting "under color of state law" for civil rights violations. Section 1983 does not provide civil rights; it is a means to enforce civil rights that already exist.
2001) (“Although claims against individual supervisors are not permitted under Title VII, this court has found individual liability under § 1981 when the defendants intentionally cause an infringement of rights protected by Section 1981, regardless of whether the employer may also be held liable."); Al-Khazraji v.
If your Constitutional rights have been violated by a government official, you may have grounds to file a Section 1983 lawsuit. This law allows you to seek damages for rights violations by someone acting under state authority. To win, you must prove the violation, state authority, and resulting injury.
It applies to all private employers and labor organizations, but not federal, state, or local government employers. Section 1981 is enforced by individuals, not a federal agency.
While similar in protecting against unjust discrimination, Section 1981 differs from Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act.