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The liquidation or dissolution process for partnerships is similar to the liquidation process for corporations. Over a period of time, the partnership's non-cash assets are converted to cash, creditors are paid to the extent possible, and remaining funds, if any, are distributed to the partners.
When a partnership dissolves, the individuals involved are no longer partners in a legal sense, but the partnership continues until the business's debts are settled, the legal existence of the business is terminated and the remaining assets of the company have been distributed.
If dissolution is not covered in the partnership agreement, the partners can later create a separate dissolution agreement for that purpose. However, the default rule is that any remaining money or property will be distributed to each partner according to their ownership interest in the partnership.
Section 45 of the Indian Partnership Act, 1932 provides liabilities for an act of the partners after the dissolution of the firm. According to this section, the partners of the firm are liable to the third party for any act done by any of them unless they give public notice of the dissolution of the firm.
The proceeds from the sale of assets along with the contribution of the partners at the time of dissolution of the firm are first used up to pay off the external liabilities, i.e., the creditors, bank loans, bank overdrafts, bills payable etc.
Liability of partners shall be limited except in case of unauthorized acts, fraud and negligence. But a partner shall not be personally liable for the wrongful acts or omission of any other partner.
In a general partnership, each partner has unlimited personal liability. Partnership rules usually dictate that whatever debts are incurred by the business, it is the legal responsibility of all partners to pay them off.
Upon the winding up of a limited partnership, the assets shall be distributed as follows: (1) To creditors, including partners who are creditors, to the extent permitted by law, in satisfaction of liabilities of the limited partnership other than liabilities for distributions to partners under section 34-20d or 34-27d;
Partners' Liabilities After a Dissolution Section 45 of the Act establishes liability for actions taken by partners after the firm has been dissolved. Unless they give public notice of the firm's dissolution, the partners are always accountable to the third party for any conduct done by any of them.
Typically, the partners must first vote to liquidate the partnership, and one of the partners is selected to act as the liquidating partner. The liquidating partner is responsible for valuing the company's assets, selling off assets to pay off the company's debts and distributing anything that remains to the partners.