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If there's a shortage or overage, a journal line entry is recorded to an over/short account. If the petty cash fund is over, a credit is entered to represent a gain. If the petty cash fund is short, a debit is entered to represent a loss. The over or short account is used to force-balance the fund upon reconciliation.
Petty cash provides convenience for small transactions for which issuing a check or a corporate credit card is unreasonable or unacceptable. The small amount of cash that a company considers petty will vary, with many companies keeping between $100 and $500 as a petty cash fund.
Petty cash is a small amount of cash that is kept on the company premises to pay for minor cash needs. Examples of these payments are office supplies, cards, flowers, and so forth. Petty cash is stored in a petty cash drawer or box near where it is most needed.
The procedure for petty cash funding is outlined below:Complete reconciliation form. Complete a petty cash reconciliation form, in which the petty cash custodian lists the remaining cash on hand, vouchers issued, and any overage or underage.Obtain cash.Add cash to petty cash fund.Record vouchers in general ledger.
Usually one individual, called the petty cash custodian or cashier, is responsible for the control of the petty cash fund and documenting the disbursements made from the fund. By assigning the responsibility for the fund to one individual, the company has internal control over the cash in the fund.
A simple petty cash book is just like the main cash book. Cash received by the petty cashier is recorded on the debit side, and all payments for petty expenses are recorded on the credit side in one column.
The petty cash journal entry is a debit to the petty cash account and a credit to the cash account. The petty cash custodian refills the petty cash drawer or box, which should now contain the original amount of cash that was designated for the fund.
Petty cash funds may not be deposited into personal bank accounts or commingled with other funds.Departments may not establish bank accounts for petty cash funds.Purchases of goods and services for more than $100 should not be made with petty cash.Petty cash funds may not be expended for:
Petty cash appears within the current assets section of the balance sheet. This is because line items in the balance sheet are sorted in their order of liquidity. Since petty cash is highly liquid, it appears near the top of the balance sheet.
Even though the expenses running through your petty cash funds are small, they will still need to be managed properly. Tracking all of your petty cash expenses as part of your bookkeeping system ensures that all tax-deductible expenses are captured.