Electronic signatures, also known as e-signatures, are digital representations of a person's signature, used to signify their agreement or consent to a document, contract, or transaction. These signatures are electronic counterparts of traditional handwritten signatures and provide a secure and legally binding method of indicating approval or authorization. An example of an electronic signature is the use of a stylus or finger to digitally sign a document on a touchscreen device. This signature is created using specialized software or applications that capture the individual's unique handwriting style and replicate it in a digital format. The signature can then be embedded directly into the document, ensuring its authenticity. Another type of electronic signature is the use of digital certificates or cryptographic keys. In this method, a unique digital certificate assigned to an individual or organization is used to sign a document. These certificates are based on public-key infrastructure (PKI) technology, providing a highly secure method of authentication and verification. The digital signature created with the certificate serves as a tamper-proof proof of identity and ensures the integrity of the signed document. Additionally, there are click-to-sign electronic signatures, where a person can provide consent by simply clicking a predesigned button or checkbox on an electronic document. This method is commonly utilized in online agreements, terms of service, or consent forms, offering a quick and convenient way to indicate agreement without the need for a physical signature. It is important to note that different countries and jurisdictions may have their own specific legal frameworks and requirements for electronic signatures. In the United States, for example, electronic signatures are protected under the Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce (DESIGN) Act and the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act (BETA). These acts establish the legal validity and enforceability of electronic signatures in most business transactions. Overall, electronic signatures provide a modern, efficient, and secure method of signing documents, reducing the need for physical paperwork, and streamlining business processes. Whether through touchscreen signing, digital certificates, or click-to-sign functionality, electronic signatures offer versatility and convenience to individuals and organizations alike.