The Montgomery-Odlyzko law (which is a law in the sense of empirical observation instead of through mathematical proof) states that the distribution of the spacing between successive nontrivial zeros of the Riemann zeta function (suitably normalized) is statistically identical with the distribution of eigenvalue ...
Consent should be obtained before the participant enters the research (prospectively), and there must be no undue influence on participants to consent. The minimum requirements for consent to be informed are that the participant understands what the research is and what they are consenting to.
The ruling The Lords ruled in this case that if there was a significant risk that could affect the decision made by a reasonable patient about their options then it would be expected that a doctor would inform a patient of that risk.
Her son, Sam, was born stillborn and required CPR and adrenaline to restore his heartbeat. This sadly resulted in hypoxic insult with consequent cerebral palsy. Her obstetrician had not disclosed her increased risk of around nine-ten percent of this complication arising despite repeated requests antenatally.
The ruling makes it clear that any intervention must be based on a shared decision-making process, ensuring the patient is aware of all options and supported to make an informed choice by their healthcare professional.
The ruling makes it clear that any intervention must be based on a shared decision-making process, ensuring the patient is aware of all options and supported to make an informed choice by their healthcare professional.
The Montgomery ruling established that doctors must ensure patients are aware of any material risks involved in a proposed treatment, and of reasonable alternatives. Similar to the Australian Canterbury v Spence case of 1972, 3. Canterbury v Spence (464 F.