The difference is the way in which they have been appointed. An Executor is nominated within the Will of a deceased person. If there is no Will, an Administrator is appointed by a Court to manage or administer a decedent's estate. A New York City estate planning lawyer can help explain their different roles.
Letters of Administration is the form that the Judge signs confirming that he has given that person legal authority to represent the estate. Sometimes the bank will require this form before releasing funds.
Purpose: Letters of Administration are granted by the probate court when a person dies without a valid will (i.e. when the person dies “intestate”).
During the initial probate proceeding, after the court has determined that there is no will, it will appoint an administrator for the estate. The person who serves in this role will have many duties, including: Preserving the decedent's assets. Satisfying all valid creditor claims.
The document needs to state the following: The name of the person who died. The date and location of the death. That 40 days have passed since the death. That probate has not been initiated. That the estate value does not exceed $166,250. A description of assets to transfer. Names of other successors.
It is here that it is determined if probate is required. If the total of all assets of the estate is below $166,250 or if there aren't any assets that require a complex transfer, the estate may not require a probate in California.
Prior to 2020, the maximum amount for avoiding probate through a small estate affidavit was $150,000. In 2020 the limit was increased from $150,000 to $166,250. The on April 1, 2022 the limit increased again. For those who died on or after April 1, 2022, the limit increased to $184,500.
Letters testamentary are granted to an individual if they have been named executor in the decedent's will. Letters of administration, however, are given to an administrator appointed by the probate court if the decedent died intestate, or without a valid will. Both documents grant the same powers to the holder.
Letters of Special Administration are temporary Letters that can be approved by the Probate Judge for a specific purpose on an ex parte basis (without a hearing).
How to obtain letters of administration in California. To start the process of obtaining a letter of administration, you must fill out Form DE-150. The completed form DE-150 should then be submitted to the probate court in the county in which the deceased resided in at the time of death.