A form of publication which tends to cause one to lose the esteem of the community is defamation. This is injury to reputation. A person can be held liable for the defamation of another. In order to prove defamation, the plaintiff must prove:
- that a statement was made about the plaintiff's reputation, honesty or integrity that is not true;
- publication to a third party (i.e., another person hears or reads the statement); and
- the plaintiff suffers damages as a result of the statement.
Slander is a form of defamation that consists of making false oral statements about a person which would damage that person's reputation. If one spreads a rumor that his neighbor has been in jail and this is not true, the person making such false statements could be held liable for slander.
Defamation which occurs by written statements is known as libel. Libel also may result from a picture or visual representation. Truth is an absolute defense to slander or libel.
Some statements, while libelous or slanderous, are absolutely privileged in the sense that the statements can be made without fear of a lawsuit for slander. The best example is statements made in a court of law. An untrue statement made about a person in court which damages that person's reputation will generally not cause liability to the speaker as far as slander is concerned. However, if the statement is untrue, the person making it may be liable for criminal perjury.
If a communication is made in good faith on a subject in which the party communicating it has a legitimate right or interest in communicating it, this communication may be exempt from slander liability due to a qualified privileged.
The following form letter demands that someone cease making libelous or slanderous statements, or appropriate legal action will be taken.
Slander And Defamation Of Character In The Workplace In Illinois
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In order to state a claim for defamation under Illinois law, the plaintiff must show that the defendant made a false statement concerning plaintiff, that there was an unprivileged publication of the defamatory statement to a third party by the defendant and that the plaintiff was damaged.
California Civil Code section 46 provides that slander is a false, unprivileged publication that is spoken and that does any of these: (1) charges the victim with a crime, (2) imputes to the victim the existence of a contagious, infectious, or loathsome disease, (3) tends directly to injure the victim with regard to ...
Statements incapable of being proven true or false, known as “pure opinion,” are not defamatory (e.g., “Jane is a terrible boss”).
Under Illinois law, to prove a claim for defamation, a person needs evidence to show that: The defendant made a false statement about the plaintiff, The false statement was made to a third party, The defendant was at least negligent in making the false statement, and. The plaintiff was damaged by the false statement.
Illinois defines defamation as a false statement of fact about the plaintiff “published,” which means shared with another person, that harms the plaintiff's reputation (i.e. lowers the plaintiff in the eyes of the community). There are two categories of defamation in Illinois: defamation per se and defamation per quod.
Gathering Evidence for a Workplace Defamation Claim If you find a false statement in a document, email, or on social media, for example, take a photograph or screenshot. Obtain contact information from witnesses if they are present; they can help build your case if able to verify the false statement isn't true.
In Illinois, a defamation claim generally has three elements that the plaintiff the must prove in order to recover: (1) a false statement about the plaintiff; (2) made to a third party (also known as publication); (3) that harms the plaintiff's reputation.
The statute of limitations for defamation in Illinois is one (1) year. 735 ILCS 5/13-201. It states: Defamation – Privacy.
