A form of publication which tends to cause one to lose the esteem of the community is defamation. This is injury to reputation. A person can be held liable for the defamation of another. In order to prove defamation, the plaintiff must prove:
- that a statement was made about the plaintiff's reputation, honesty or integrity that is not true;
- publication to a third party (i.e., another person hears or reads the statement); and
- the plaintiff suffers damages as a result of the statement.
Slander is a form of defamation that consists of making false oral statements about a person which would damage that person's reputation. If one spreads a rumor that his neighbor has been in jail and this is not true, the person making such false statements could be held liable for slander.
Defamation which occurs by written statements is known as libel. Libel also may result from a picture or visual representation. Truth is an absolute defense to slander or libel.
Some statements, while libelous or slanderous, are absolutely privileged in the sense that the statements can be made without fear of a lawsuit for slander. The best example is statements made in a court of law. An untrue statement made about a person in court which damages that person's reputation will generally not cause liability to the speaker as far as slander is concerned. However, if the statement is untrue, the person making it may be liable for criminal perjury.
If a communication is made in good faith on a subject in which the party communicating it has a legitimate right or interest in communicating it, this communication may be exempt from slander liability due to a qualified privileged.
The following form letter demands that someone cease making libelous or slanderous statements, or appropriate legal action will be taken.
Character Sue For Defamation In Illinois
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Miss the statute of limitations deadline and you'll almost certainly lose your right to any legal remedy for defamation. You'll have anywhere from one to three years to get your defamation lawsuit filed, depending on your state's law.
The statute of limitations for defamation in Illinois is one (1) year. 735 ILCS 5/13-201. It states: Defamation – Privacy.
The types of damages available for defamation per se in Illinois generally include presumed damages, as discussed above, and nominal damage. Punitive damages may also be available if the plaintiff can show that the defendant acted with actual malice. Each type of damage is discussed below. Nominal damages.
If you decide to do it alone, your letter should state the specific defamatory statements made, confirm that they are defamatory, indicate the reputational harm caused, demand an apology and retraction of those statements, and demand that they cease making further statements failing which you will sue them.
The plaintiff must prove that the defendant was negligent if the plaintiff is a private individual. On the other hand, if the plaintiff is a public figure or official, the plaintiff must demonstrate that the defendant acted with actual malice.
In general, Illinois civil statutes of limitations or statutes of repose are two years for the injured person and five years for injury to personal property. Usually, the clock starts running when the plaintiff suffers an injury.
Under Illinois law, to prove a claim for defamation, a person needs evidence to show that: The defendant made a false statement about the plaintiff, The false statement was made to a third party, The defendant was at least negligent in making the false statement, and. The plaintiff was damaged by the false statement.
In Illinois, a defamation claim generally has three elements that the plaintiff the must prove in order to recover: (1) a false statement about the plaintiff; (2) made to a third party (also known as publication); (3) that harms the plaintiff's reputation.
A cease and desist letter is a formal request notifying the recipient to immediately stop making defamatory statements or face legal action. This letter should clearly identify the defamatory statements, specify where they were published, and detail the harm caused to your reputation or business.
Receiving a cease and desist letter is a serious issue. It indicates the sender's intention to pursue you for the alleged wrongdoing if you do not follow their demands. Receiving a cease and desist letter does not necessarily mean you will end up in Court.
