Defamation is a statement that injures a third party's reputation. The tort of defamation includes both libel (written statements) and slander (spoken statements).
'Slander' is spoken, a criminal action damaging to an individual's reputation and is actionable under law. 'Libel' is a written or published statement that is damaging to an individual's reputation, also actionable under law. 'Smearing' may be understood to be either slanderous or libelous.
Written defamation is called "libel," and spoken defamation is considered "slander," and they both fall under "defamation." In the US, defamation is not usually a crime. Instead, it is a "tort" or civil wrong. Under the law, a person who has been defamed can seek damages from the perpetrator.
California, though, is not one of the U.S. states with criminal defamation laws. While California defamation defendants do not face potential imprisonment, they could be subject to civil lawsuits and hefty damages (including punitive damages), depending on the nature and harm caused by their false statements.
To prove slander in a legal sense, you must establish that the specific person said something about you that 1) was knowingly false and 2) caused you harm (``harm'' may include pain and suffering, damage to your reputation, or loss of wages or employment).
To prove a defamation claim the plaintiff must prove: The defendant made an unprivileged statement to someone other than the plaintiff; The statement was a false statement of fact; The statement was made about or was understood to be about the plaintiff;
In cases involving public figures or matters of public concern, the burden is on you to prove falsity. In cases involving matters of purely private concern, the burden of proving the truth is on the defendant. A defendant does not have to show the literal truth of every word in an alleged defamatory statement.
A person who wishes to take legal action for defamation must be able to prove that they have suffered, or could suffer, 'serious harm'. If a corporation is suing for defamation, it needs to prove that it has suffered 'serious financial loss' as a result of the publication of the allegedly defamatory matter.
What Are Some Examples of Slander? Untrue statements that a person was convicted of a crime or that they committed or attempted to commit a crime. Untrue statements alleging that a person committed perjury or otherwise lied under oath. Untrue statements that a person is having an affair.
Address It Directly: If appropriate, consider confronting the person spreading the slander. Approach them calmly and express how their words have affected you. Sometimes, a direct conversation can resolve misunderstandings. Seek Support: Talk to trusted friends, family, or colleagues about the situation.