To travel outside of the US you will need 3 documents: 1) your permanent resident card; 2) your passport; and 3) any visas that are required by the foreign country you are travelling to.
When you leave. You'll want to be absolutely sure you have the necessary documents when leaving the country. Most green card holders will need to present the passport from the country where they're a citizen, or in some cases, their refugee travel document.
The processing time for a travel permit (Advance Parole) currently averages 5-24 months, depending on the service center processing your application. USCIS provides a database where you can check the most current processing times, updated once per month.
That is why, if you plan to leave the US for 6 months or longer, or if you travel frequently, you should strongly consider getting a travel document for green card holder (also called a reentry permit). A reentry permit can help you by creating a legal presumption that you intend to stay a US permanent resident.
Eligible TSA PreCheck® travelers include: U.S. citizens and lawful permanent residents enrolled in TSA PreCheck®. Members of Global Entry. U.S. citizens and lawful permanent residents who are members of SENTRI.
A Travel Authorization (TE) is used to request approval for a business-related trip. In this document, the traveler indicates trip destination(s), purpose, and dates of travel and requests advance checks. In response, the TE records trip information and schedules advance checks.
You will need: A valid U.S. passport. A valid Brazilian visa or e-visa, beginning April 10, 2025 for tourists and currently for all other types of travel.
If you're outside of the US for longer than 1 year, your green card (Form I-551) can no longer be used to reenter the US. You will either need a valid reentry permit to reenter the US or you will need to apply for a returning resident visa (SB1 visa).
Notably for many foreign nationals, permanent resident cards and employment authorization cards are both acceptable forms of documentation for domestic flights.
If you are a permanent or conditional permanent resident who has been outside the U.S. for one year or longer, apply for a re-entry permit before you travel. Use Form I-131 - Application for Travel Document. For permanent residents, the re-entry permit is valid for two years from the date of issue.