If there is a shortage of people in a particular specialty, or in a particular geographic area, then the employer cannot enforce a non-compete even if all the other requirements are met.
If the restriction on the employee is for an unusually long period of time, there's going to be a problem. One to two years is typically reasonable, while three to five years is unlikely to be upheld by a court.
A noncompete is unenforceable if it restricts an employee's ability to exercise their rights under federal law. No employer may enter into a covenant not to compete or a covenant not to solicit with any employee.
Non-compete agreements are generally binding as long as their scope is reasonable. But employment laws vary by state, and non-compete laws are no exception. So, the agreement your new employer had you sign may not be enforceable if they fire you. An employment lawyer can give you legal advice about your situation.
Several factors can void or limit the enforceability of a non-compete agreement, including overly broad restrictions, unreasonable time frames or geographical limits, lack of consideration (such as compensation or job opportunities provided in exchange for the agreement), and violation of public policy.
The following are the most common ways to get out of a non-compete agreement: Determine that the terms of the contract do not in fact prevent you from a desired course of action. Recognize when a non-compete contradicts the law. Negotiate a release agreement with the involved parties. Ignore the agreement.
(a) Any covenant not to compete contained in a contract or agreement is void and unenforceable. (2) the covenant not to compete is agreed upon in anticipation of the dissolution of a business.
Non-compete agreements must be specifically limited in two distinct ways, 1) in time, and 2) in geographic area. If a non-compete clause or agreement fails to limit the scope of the contract to a specific time period and a specific geographic area, it can often be invalidated.
The very basic requirements are that the non-compete must (1) be in writing; (2) be part of an employment contract; (3) be based on valuable consideration; (4) be reasonable in scope of time and of territory; (5) not be against public policy.