Many believe that an equal split signifies fairness for all and the majority of founders begin with 50/50 equity splits.
One of the most common factors to consider when splitting equity is the relative contribution of each founder, advisor, or employee. This can include things like the time and effort that each one puts into the company, the expertise they bring to the table, and any intellectual property they contribute.
If you started as a solo-founder and have made progress on the business (especially if you've already raised), you should consider a something along the line of an 80/20 split of founder shares. In fact, the range I'm seeing is anywhere from 5-20% for the 2nd co-founder.
Many believe that an equal split signifies fairness for all and the majority of founders begin with 50/50 equity splits.
When launching a startup, founders have to decide how many shares to issue at incorporation. While most startups authorize 10 million shares, the number of shares issued to founders will depend on factors such as the size of the employee pool, the need for additional reserves and the number of founders.
In summary, 1% equity can be a good offer if the startup has strong potential, your role is significant, and the overall compensation package is competitive. However, it could also be seen as low depending on the context. It's essential to assess all these factors before making a decision.
Research from Harvard Business School professors also shows that investors are less likely to invest in startups with a flat split. Dividing equity equally may signal that the co-founders aren't willing negotiators or that they're not prepared to risk conflict or disagreement to resolve important issues.
To establish a starting point for equity grants, we recommend using 0.75% as the “baseline grant” for your first hire. This percentage represents the equity grant for a technical, mid-level employee and serves as a reference point for your future calculations.
Generally, the choices are to either simply go for an equal equity divide or opt for a weighted split, however there is no definitive right way to proceed. Often it may depends on factors like the level of commitment, expertize or business experience etc of the parties involved.
The short answer to "how much equity should a founder keep" is founders should keep at least 50% equity in a startup for as long as possible, while investors get between 20 and 30%. There should also be a 10 to 20% portion set aside for employee stock options and, in some cases, about 5% left in a reserve pool.