A company may issue equity shares which carry rights only with respect to dividend and do not carry any voting rights. Superior voting right means any right that gives the shareholder more than one vote per share.
Shares issued with differential rights shall not exceed 74% of the total voting power, including voting power in respect of equity shares with differential rights issued at any point of time.
Issue of Prospectus, Receiving Applications, Allotment of Shares are three basic steps of the procedure of issuing the shares. The process of creating new shares is known as Allocation or allotment.
Companies may divide their ordinary shares into different classes (e.g. “A” and “B”) with different rights attached to each class. Read our guide on shares for more information about share types, transfer and allotment of shares etc.
Equity shares with differential voting rights (DVRs) are the kind of shares issued by a company that offers shareholders varying levels of the voting power. This means that some shareholders have more voting power than others and this can significantly impact the control and decision-making capabilities of the company.
Example scenario A Tata Motor DVR has 10% voting rights compared to an ordinary Tata Motor share. (1 voting right per share.) (1 voting right for every 10 shares held.)
Ing to the Companies Act, 2013, companies limited by shares can issue DVRs, but it will be as a part of the company's share capital. Ideally shares with differential voting rights are considered to be a robust means of raising capital without giving up control over the company.
Disadvantages Of DVR Shares are as follows: Lower voting rights, reducing influence in company decisions. Potentially less liquid, making them harder to sell. May be viewed as less attractive to certain investors who value voting power.