Differential voting rights in a company are those shares that give the shareholder extra rights to vote as compared to other shareholders. These rights can be used by the shareholders to gain more votes or less votes based on their choice.
The following are the drawbacks of DVR shares. Limited awareness: Investors often miss out on opportunities to invest in DVR shares because they are unaware of their issuance. Reduced voting rights: DVR shareholders typically have fewer voting rights than holders of ordinary equity shares.
Shares issued with differential rights shall not exceed 74% of the total voting power, including voting power in respect of equity shares with differential rights issued at any point of time.
Tata Motors, Gujarat NRE Coke, Pantaloon Retail, Jain Irrigation are some of the Indian companies that have issued DVR shares. E.g.: Tata Motors' DVR shares carry voting rights which are one-tenth of the ordinary equity shares.
Shares issued with differential rights shall not exceed 74% of the total voting power, including voting power in respect of equity shares with differential rights issued at any point of time.
Ing to the Companies Act, 2013, companies limited by shares can issue DVRs, but it will be as a part of the company's share capital. Ideally shares with differential voting rights are considered to be a robust means of raising capital without giving up control over the company.
Digital Video Recorders (DVR) disadvantages include: Requires local wiring and connectivity. Installation can be complex with multiple cameras and locations. Separate power supply required. Not suitable for use with IP camera.
Lack of liquidity: Since unlisted shares cannot be traded on exchanges, they are more difficult to sell and are, hence, less liquid. Limited disclosures: Unlisted companies have less stringent disclosure requirements compared to listed companies. Investors must perform thorough due diligence before investing.