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4th Amendment Excessive Force In Ohio
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US-000280
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United States established the exclusion of evidence as a remedy for Fourth Amendment violations.
The four most important remedies are motions to suppress, civil damages actions against individual officers, suits against municipalities, and suits seeking injunctive or declaratory relief. (1) Motions to Suppress Evidence.
—For the Fourth Amendment to apply to a particular set of facts, there must be a “search” and a “seizure,” occurring typically in a criminal case, with a subsequent attempt to use judicially what was seized.
If the court finds that a search was conducted in violation of the Fourth Amendment, it will exclude any evidence found from the suspect's criminal case. The exclusionary rule states that the courts will exclude or prevent evidence obtained from an unreasonable search and seizure from a criminal defendant's trial.
Exceptions to the Warrant Requirement Exigent circumstances. Plain view. Search incident to arrest. Consent.
The Constitution, through the Fourth Amendment, protects people from unreasonable searches and seizures by the government. The Fourth Amendment, however, is not a guarantee against all searches and seizures, but only those that are deemed unreasonable under the law.
To claim a violation of Fourth Amendment rights as the basis for suppressing relevant evidence, courts have long required that the claimant must prove that they were the victim of an invasion of privacy to have a valid standing.
So, the Fourth Amendment says there shall be no unreasonable searches and seizures. And then it says that no warrant shall issue, preauthorizing a search or seizure, but upon probable cause.
OHIO, decided on 20 June 1961, was a landmark court case originating in Cleveland, in which the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that under the 4th and 14th Constitutional amendments, illegally seized evidence could not be used in a state criminal trial.
Under Ohio law, a person is allowed to use force, including deadly force, if they reasonably believe that such force is necessary to defend themselves or another person from the imminent threat of death or serious bodily harm.