With expansive authority to initiate actions and wield appellate jurisdiction over all courts and the ability to invalidate amendments to the constitution, the Supreme Court of India is widely acknowledged as one of the most powerful supreme courts in the world.
The Utah State Court System is comprised of two appellate courts - the Supreme Court and Court of Appeals; trial courts including the District, Juvenile, and Justice Courts; and two administrative bodies - the Judicial Council and the Administrative Office of the Court.
The Constitution and laws of each state establish the state courts. A court of last resort, often known as a Supreme Court, is usually the highest court. Some states also have an intermediate Court of Appeals.
The Utah Supreme Court was thus transferred to a State Supreme Court with authority specified by the Utah State Constitution. Under the State Constitution, the Court was to consist of three justices, elected to staggered terms of 6 years.
The Supreme Court is the "court of last resort" in Utah. The court consists of five justices who serve ten-year renewable terms. The justices elect a chief justice by majority vote to serve for four years, and an associate chief justice to serve for two years.
(a) Writs of habeas corpus may be granted by the Supreme Court, any justice thereof, the district courts and any circuit judge within their respective jurisdictions.
Any federal court may grant a writ of habeas corpus to a petitioner who is within its jurisdiction.
A writ of habeas corpus is used to bring a prisoner or other detainee (e.g. institutionalized mental patient) before the court to determine if the person's imprisonment or detention is lawful. A habeas petition proceeds as a civil action against the State agent (usually a warden) who holds the defendant in custody.
“The Supreme Court, courts of appeal, superior courts, and their judges have original jurisdiction in habeas corpus proceedings.” (Cal. Const., art. VI, § 10.)
The Privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in Cases of Rebellion or Invasion the public Safety may require it. No Bill of Attainder or ex post facto Law shall be passed.