No - if you signed the bond it doesn't matter whether you have a job or not - or whether the bondsman asked you if you did. You are liable as surety on the bond - having a job or not has nothing to do with your liability. Sorry.
Best-case scenario: Release within 30 minutes to 2 hours after posting bail during regular business hours. More typical scenario: Release within 4-8 hours, especially during off-peak hours or weekends. Worst-case scenario: Release could be delayed for 24 hours or more in complex cases or due to logistical hurdles.
If a person can't make bail in Sacramento, they must remain in jail until their case eventually goes to trial. The so-called “pretrial detention” period — the time between when a person is arrested and their case reaches a courtroom for a trial — can take anywhere from several weeks to several years.