In summary, selective incorporation works through the legal process of judicial review, in which the Supreme Court applies the provisions of the Bill of Rights to the states through the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, and determines whether state laws or actions comply with the Constitution.
No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.
Fourteenth Amendment, Section 1: All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside.
Explanation: The Fourteenth Amendment affects citizenship by stating that anyone born in the U.S. automatically becomes a U.S. citizen. This concept is known as birthright citizenship and is based on the principle of jus soli, or the right of soil.
Fourteenth Amendment, Section 1: All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside.
California was admitted into the Union in 1850. The California Gold Rush and Manifest Destiny were the two main reasons for the quick entry. Manifest Destiny is the belief that Americans had a natural right to the westward expansion of their country.
Polk and others saw the acquisition of Texas, California, Oregon, and other territories as part of the nation's Manifest Destiny to spread democracy over the continent. The U.S. also tried to buy Texas and what was called “Mexican California” from Mexico, which was seen as an insult by Mexico, before war broke out.
By its terms, Mexico ceded 55 percent of its territory, including the present-day states California, Nevada, Utah, New Mexico, most of Arizona and Colorado, and parts of Oklahoma, Kansas, and Wyoming.
This treaty, signed on February 2, 1848, ended the war between the United States and Mexico. By its terms, Mexico ceded 55 percent of its territory, including the present-day states California, Nevada, Utah, New Mexico, most of Arizona and Colorado, and parts of Oklahoma, Kansas, and Wyoming.
Polk wanted a wider war with Mexico, and he wanted it to be wide enough so that a victory would allow the United States to annex all of Mexico's northern territory out to the Pacific ocean. It wasn't about settling the Texan border dispute, hence the lack of a treaty negotiated in good faith.