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Incentive stock options, or ISOs, are options that are entitled to potentially favorable federal tax treatment. Stock options that are not ISOs are usually referred to as nonqualified stock options or NQOs. The acronym NSO is also used. These do not qualify for special tax treatment.
Non-qualified stock options are stock options that do not receive favorable tax treatment when exercised but do provide additional flexibility for the issuing company. Gains from non-qualified stock options are taxed as normal income.
However, there is another type of stock option, known as an incentive stock option, which is usually only offered to key employees and top-tier management. These options are also commonly known as statutory or qualified options, and they can receive preferential tax treatment in many cases.
Incentive stock options are statutory (qualified) and differ from nonstatutory (nonqualified) stock options, or NSOs, in a few key ways: Eligibility. ISOs are issued only to employees, whereas NSOs can be granted to outside service providers like advisors, board directors or other consultants.
Profits made from exercising qualified stock options (QSO) are taxed at the capital gains tax rate (typically 15%), which is lower than the rate at which ordinary income is taxed. Gains from non-qualified stock options (NQSO) are considered ordinary income and are therefore not eligible for the tax break.
What Is a Non-Qualified Stock Option (NSO)? A non-qualified stock option (NSO) is a type of employee stock option wherein you pay ordinary income tax on the difference between the grant price and the price at which you exercise the option.
Tax Treatment of Non-Qualified Stock Options Stock acquired from exercising a non-qualified stock option is treated as any other investment property when sold. The employee's basis is the amount paid for the stock, plus any amount included in income upon exercising the option.
Only income taxes apply to RSUs, meaning the capital gains tax is not a factor. On the other hand, two types of stock options exist. These are non-qualified stock options (NSOs) and incentive stock options (ISOs). For NSOs, you are taxed on the difference between the market price and the grant price.
There are two key differences who the stock can be issued to and the tax treatment. Qualified stock options, also known as incentive stock options, can only be granted to employees. Non-qualified stock options can be granted to employees, directors, contractors and others.