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Jury instructions are an important component of a trial because they focus the jury on the specific issues and laws applicable to the case being tried. Jury instructions should identify the issues the jury will need to decide and help them understand the legal principles of the case.
Jury instructions are instructions for jury deliberation that are written by the judge and given to the jury. At trial, jury deliberation occurs after evidence is presented and closing arguments are made.
A general unanimity instruction informs the jury that the verdict must be unanimous, whereas a specific unanimity instruction indicates to the jury that they must be unanimous as to which specific act constitutes the offense charged. Commonwealth v.
Non- standard jury instructions are referred to as special instructions that are specially tailored to ensure compliance with the law and rules in a given case. Most states have pattern instructions that have been approved for use in different types of cases.
A jury instruction is given by the judge to the jury to explain what is happening in the court, to explain the points of law relevant to the case, to explain certain aspects of the evidence presented and to assist the jurors in understanding their duties in reaching a verdict.
The judge will advise the jury that it is the sole judge of the facts and of the credibility (believability) of witnesses. He or she will note that the jurors are to base their conclusions on the evidence as presented in the trial, and that the opening and closing arguments of the lawyers are not evidence.
The full cite should be to "Judicial Council of California Civil Jury Instructions (year)". The short cite to particular instructions should be to "CACI No.
For jury instructions to be effective, they must be clear and simple. Sentences should be short; instruc- 2022 tions should contain no more than a few sentences, cover only one topic, and be directly related to the circumstances of the case (they should not be abstract statements of the law).
How should the new instructions be cited? The full cite should be to "Judicial Council of California Civil Jury Instructions (year)".
Secondary Authority Sources Common sources are legal dictionaries, treatises, legal periodicals, hornbooks (study primers for law students), law reviews, restatements (summaries of case law) and jury instructions.