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A party may be cross-examined on any matter relevant to any issue in the case, including credibility. In the interest of justice, the judge may limit cross-examination with respect to matters not testified to on direct examination.
As amended, Rule 412 bars evidence offered to prove the victim's sexual behavior and alleged sexual predisposition. Evidence, which might otherwise be admissible under Rules 402, 404(b), 405, 607, 608, 609, or some other evidence rule, must be excluded if Rule 412 so requires.
(b)Crimes, Wrongs, or Other Acts. (1)Prohibited Uses. Evidence of a crime, wrong, or other act is not admissible to prove a person's character in order to show that on a particular occasion the person acted in ance with the character. (2)Permitted Uses; Notice Required.
Rule 412 is a new "rape shield" rule. The rule is intended to provide the standard for the introduction of evidence of a victim's sexual history. The rule supersedes the rape shield statute, W.Va. Code § 61-8B-11, to the extent that the statute is in conflict with the rule.
Rule 408 is patterned after, but not taken verbatim from, its federal counterpart. Rule 408(a) does not allow the admission of evidence "to impeach by a prior inconsistent statement or a contradiction." This restriction is not contained in the current state rule.
402. Relevant evidence is admissible unless any of the following provides otherwise: (a) the United States Constitution; (b) the West Virginia Constitution; (c) these rules; or (d) other rules adopted by the Supreme Court of Appeals of West Virginia.
PATTERN JURY INSTRUCTIONS WHICH PROVIDE A BODY OF BRIEF, UNIFORM INSTRUCTIONS THAT FULLY STATE THE LAW WITHOUT NEEDLESS REPETION ARE PRESENTED; BASIC, SPECIAL, OFFENSE, AND TRIAL INSTRUCTIONS ARE INCLUDED.
Summary: Preliminary substantive jury instructions are instructions provided to jurors at the start of a trial, before the presentation of evidence by the parties, on the elements of a claim or defense. Such. instructions aim to facilitate (1) better decision making by jurors, and (2) greater understanding by jurors of.