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The trust remains revocable while both spouses are alive. The couple may withdraw assets or cancel the trust completely before one spouse dies. When the first spouse dies, the trust becomes irrevocable and splits into two parts: the A trust and the B trust.
The downside to irrevocable trusts is that you can't change them. And you can't act as your own trustee either. Once the trust is set up and the assets are transferred, you no longer have control over them.
Irrevocable trusts can also protect assets from being used in determining Medicare eligibility. Once an irrevocable trust is funded, the trust property cannot be taken back by the grantor without the consent of the beneficiary. It is legal to name a beneficiary as trustee, such as a spouse.
Irrevocable trusts are an important tool in many people's estate plan. They can be used to lock-in your estate tax exemption before it drops, keep appreciation on assets from inflating your taxable estate, protect assets from creditors, and even make you eligible for benefit programs like Medicaid.
Irrevocable Trust DisadvantagesInflexible structure. You don't have any wiggle room if you're the grantor of an irrevocable trust, compared to a revocable trust.Loss of control over assets. You have no control to retrieve or even manage your former assets that you assign to an irrevocable trust.Unforeseen changes.
Often there is someone the grantor knows who the grantor suggests to be the trustee. Typical choices are the grantor's spouse, sibling, child, or friend. Any of these may be an acceptable choice from a legal perspective, but may be a poor choice for other reasons.
A Trust (or Marital Trust)The surviving spouse must be the only beneficiary of the trust during his/her lifetime, however, at the time of the second spouse's death, the trust can pass to any other named beneficiaries like children, grandchildren, etc.
But assets in an irrevocable trust generally don't get a step up in basis. Instead, the grantor's taxable gains are passed on to heirs when the assets are sold. Revocable trusts, like assets held outside a trust, do get a step up in basis so that any gains are based on the asset's value when the grantor dies.
Beneficiaries of an irrevocable trust have rights to information about the trust and to make sure the trustee is acting properly. The scope of those rights depends on the type of beneficiary. Current beneficiaries are beneficiaries who are currently entitled to income from the trust.