2.5 Judicial Notice is a legal concept where certain facts, documents, and other evidence are accepted as true without requiring proof. This concept is used to expedite the judicial process by eliminating the need for parties to provide evidence to support their claims. Judicial Notice can be divided into two categories: mandatory and discretionary. Mandatory Judicial Notice requires courts to accept certain facts, documents, and other evidence without requiring any proof, while Discretionary Judicial Notice is granted to the court's discretion to accept or reject certain facts, documents, and other evidence without requiring any proof. Generally, facts that are commonly known, published governmental documents, and certain scientific or specialized facts are subject to Judicial Notice.