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GRATs are irrevocable trusts that last for a specific period of time of at least two years. The term you choose depends on your goals and expectations for asset growth potential, but we typically recommend a term between two and five years.
How Are GRATs Taxed? GRATs are taxed in two ways: Any income you earn from the appreciation of your assets in the trust is subject to regular income tax, and any remaining funds/assets that transfer to a beneficiary are subject to gift taxes.
With respect to income taxes, the grantor is treated as the owner of the assets during the GRAT term and reports all income earned by the GRAT on his individual income tax return. To avoid having to file its own fiduciary income tax return, the GRAT should not apply for a separate taxpayer identification number.
If the grantor dies during the GRAT term, the value of the remainder interest in the trust is included in the grantor's taxable estate under either section 2036 (retained income, possession, or enjoyment of property) or 2039 (retained right to receive annuity in transferred property).
Grantor retained annuity trusts (GRAT) are estate planning instruments in which a grantor locks assets in a trust from which they earn annual income. Upon expiry, the beneficiary receives the assets with minimal or no gift tax liability. GRATS are used by wealthy individuals to minimize tax liabilities.
Tax Implications of the GRAT During the term of the GRAT, the Donor will be taxed on all of the income and capital gains earned by the trust, without regard to the amount of the annuity paid to the Donor.
A grantor retained interest trust is a trust where a grantor makes an irrevocable transfer of assets but reserves the right to receive income from or enjoyment of those assets for a period of years. When the trust terminates, the assets are passed on to others.
Pros. There are a number of benefits to setting up a GRAT. For one, the annuities can provide a steady stream of income for those who may need it in retirement. However, the main benefit of establishing a GRAT is the potential to transfer large amounts of money to a beneficiary while paying little-to-no gift tax.
The annuity amount is paid to the grantor during the term of the GRAT, and any property remaining in the trust at the end of the GRAT term passes to the beneficiaries with no further gift tax consequences.
A GRAT may be an ideal vehicle for the transfer of significant appreciation on an asset. Assume the client owns an interest in a business that may go public in the near future. If the client transfers the business interest to a short-term zeroed-out GRAT, most of the appreciation will be transferred tax free.