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N.Y. Civil Practice Law and Rules (CPLR) 320(a) provides three ways in which a defendant may appear in an action: (1) serving an answer; (2) serving a notice of appearance; or (3) making a motion which has the effect of extending the time to answer.
Article 78 Proceedings must be filed within four months of the date you receive the decision you want to appeal. If you do not file within that time period, you will likely be prevented from pursuing your appeal.
In order to properly bring an article 78 proceeding, a petitioner must have first exhausted their administrative remedies (discussed in detail below). Most importantly, an article 78 proceeding must be brought 4 months, or 120 days after a final agency determination.
You must fill out the Application for a Pro Se Summons form and submit it to the clerk in the county where you are suing, along with payment of the court fee. The fee must be paid by cash, certified check, money order or bank check. Personal checks will not be accepted.
A civil action begins when a party to a dispute files a complaint, and pays a filing fee required by statute. A plaintiff who is unable to pay the fee may file a request to proceed in forma pauperis.
Some examples of when an Article 78 in the form of a Mandamus to Review would be used are such things as the denial of a request for a rent increase in a rent stabilized housing unit, the denial of pistol permit applications, a guilty finding in a DMV Traffic Violations Bureau hearing, and a finding of child abuse or
You usually have to file your Article 78 proceeding in the New York State Supreme Court. Each county has its own Supreme Court. The Supreme Court is usually located at the County Courthouse. There is a ?Court Locator? link at nycourts.gov with contact information.
New York law requires that papers commencing a special proceeding must be filed with the County Clerk and that an identifying number, an Index Number, be obtained. The petitioner should go to the County Clerk's Office (Room 118). The petitioner will have to purchase an Index Number from the cashier (cost $210.00).