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Montana enacted the Wrongful Discharge From Employment Act (WDFEA) to balance the need to protect employees from wrongful terminations with an employer's need for protection from employee poor performance or bad behavior. Under the WDFEA, after a probationary period, an employee can be terminated only for good cause.
In cases of retrenchment due to financial losses, cessation of business or illness, separation pay is normally half month's pay for every year of service or one month's pay, whichever is higher. If the business was closed due to severe financial losses, it may be exempt from granting separation pay.
You are qualified for separation pay should you be terminated due to one of these DOLE-stipulated authorized causes: Redundancy or installation of labor-saving devices. Retrenchment to prevent losses. Cessation of operation or closing of the establishment.
Just cause terminations: If the offense charged against the employee is proven, the employer is not required to grant separation pay. But if the employer fails to observe due process, he may be financially liable to the employee, even as the dismissal is upheld.
If an employee has unused accrued PTO when they quit, are fired, or otherwise separate from the company, they may be entitled to be paid for that time. Around half of the 50 states have statutes that require companies to pay out employees' unused PTO when the employment relationship ends.
Good cause is generally defined, in Montana, as reasonable job related grounds for dismissal based upon (1) a failure to satisfactorily perform job duties, (2) disruption of the employer's operation, or (3) other legitimate business reasons.
Employees terminated by an employer have certain rights. An employee has the right to receive a final paycheck and the option of continuing health insurance coverage, and may even be eligible for severance pay and unemployment compensation benefits.
Private sector employers are not required to pay out severance pay, sick leave or paid time off (PTO). These are considered benefits and may be paid based on the employer's policies. There is no requirement in state law to provide these benefits.
Montana law does not require that employers provide mandatory paid sick leave or parental leave. Although if employers have promised sick leave, they may be under obligation to provide it. Montana law states that accrued vacation days are considered to be wages.
An employer may place a reasonable cap on the vacation leave an employee can accrue. MT Dept. of Labor and Industry FAQ. An employer cannot implement a 'use it or lose it' vacation policy requiring employees to use their vacation leave by a set date or lose it.