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Copyright infringement is generally a civil matter, which the copyright owner must pursue in federal court. Under certain circumstances, the infringement may also constitute a criminal misdemeanor or felony, which would be prosecuted by the U.S. Department of Justice.
The plaintiff must prove that the defendant has copied his work through any means possible and available to him, and the effect of such proof is that the defendant cannot escape liability by claiming innocence and that he had no knowledge of the work which was copyright-protected.
A copyright infringement action requires a plaintiff to prove (1) ownership of a valid copyright, and (2) actionable copying by the defendant of constituent elements of the work that are original. Feist Publications, Inc. v. Rural Tel.
To prove copyright infringement, a copyright holder must establish a valid copyright and that original material was used illegally. To prove a valid copyright, the plaintiff can produce a copyright certificate or other proof that establishes the date the copyrighted material was created.
In order to prove copyright infringement, the plaintiff must:Establish the ownership of legitimate copyright.That the infringing party had access to the copyrighted work.That the infringing party had the opportunity to steal that work.Prove that protected elements of the original work have been copied.
Generally, there are two main defenses that can be raised against a copyright infringement claim: (1) challenging the alleged copyright owner's claim to ownership; and (2) challenging an alleged violation of a right.
Owners of copyrighted work typically demonstrate that they are the rightful owners of the copyrighted work by introducing the copyright registration as evidence. As it was mentioned in an earlier post, copyright registration within five years of first publication creates a legal presumption of ownership and validity.
Court may infer access if the two works are so strikingly similar as to. "preclude any explanation other than that of copying."12 The cir- cuit. courts disagree on whether a showing of striking similarity is enough to prove copying without any further proof of access.
Making a valid copyright infringement claim is relatively simple. You just have to show you own a valid copyright and the other person copied the work without your permission. The copyright owner brings the lawsuit precisely because they are confident they can satisfy these requirements.