Minnesota Jury Instruction 1.2.3 Sex Discrimination Quid Pro Quo Violation refers to a specific legal instruction provided to juries in Minnesota regarding cases involving allegations of quid pro quo sex discrimination. This instruction encompasses various scenarios where an individual's sexual favors or submission to unwelcome sexual advances are demanded or used as a condition of employment or other benefits. Quid pro quo, a Latin phrase meaning "something for something," is an important concept within this specific violation. It is used to describe situations where an employer, supervisor, or person in a position of power requests or expects sexual favors from an employee, resulting in adverse employment consequences if the employee refuses or fails to comply. This jury instruction is intended to guide the jurors when deciding whether there has been a violation of the Minnesota Human Rights Act or other relevant laws that prohibit sex discrimination in employment. The instruction provides guidance on identifying the elements necessary to prove a quid pro quo violation, facilitating a fair and consistent interpretation of the law. Some potential types or variations of Minnesota Jury Instruction 1.2.3 Sex Discrimination Quid Pro Quo Violation based on different factual scenarios may include: 1. Employer-supervisor quid pro quo: This type involves situations where a supervisor or employer directly demands sexual favors or imposes unwelcome sexual advances as a condition for obtaining job benefits, promotions, pay raises, or job security. 2. Human resources involvement: This type arises when human resources personnel or other employees involved in the hiring or promotion process demand sexual favors or use their position to coerce employees into engaging in unwanted sexual activities. 3. Co-worker involvement: In some cases, a co-worker with authority or influence may demand sexual favors in exchange for favorable treatment, such as influencing work schedules, assignments, or protecting the victim from negative repercussions. Key elements that jurors will consider when determining a quid pro quo violation might include the following: a) Existence of a position of power or authority held by the alleged harasser. b) Evidence of unwelcome sexual advances, comments, or requests. c) Clear evidence that the harasser conditioned employment benefits on the victim's submission to the unwelcome sexual conduct. d) The victim's refusal or rejection of the advances leading to adverse employment consequences. e) Whether the employer had knowledge of the situation and took appropriate corrective actions or failed to prevent the harassment. It is important to note that the specific facts and circumstances of each case may vary, and other instructions or elements may be included depending on the case's unique complexities. Nevertheless, this description provides an overview of Minnesota Jury Instruction 1.2.3 Sex Discrimination Quid Pro Quo Violation and its potential variations based on different factual scenarios.
Minnesota Jury Instruction - 1.2.3 Sex Discrimination Quid Pro Quo Violation
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When jurors cannot agree on a verdict and report this to a judge, the judge may issue further instruction to them to encourage those in the minority to reconsider their position. These instructions are known as an Allen charge or, more casually, as a dynamite charge.
If the judge grants the motion, the judge (not the jury) enters a verdict of acquittal, which can be appealed for errors of law. Otherwise, the trial judge has no capacity to usurp the fact finding role of the jury.
A jury serves an important role in the Canadian justice system. During a trial, the jury listens to the evidence presented in court. The jury then makes their own unbiased decision about the truth or honesty of the testimony given by the witnesses to come to a decision.
During a Supreme Court judge and jury trial, the charge to the jury is the instructions given to the jury by the judge which summarize the case and explain the law, enabling the jury to apply the law to the facts of the case.
Jury Instructions Following the closing arguments, the judge ?charges the jury,? or informs them of the appropriate law and of what they must do to reach a verdict.