The Michigan Carbon Dioxide Storage and Secondary Recovery Unit Agreement is a comprehensive contract designed to address the storage and recovery of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the state of Michigan. This agreement aims to facilitate the implementation of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and enhance oil and gas production through secondary recovery methods. 1. Carbon Dioxide Storage Agreement: This type of agreement focuses primarily on the storage of CO2 captured from industrial sources. It outlines the responsibilities and obligations of the parties involved in safely transporting, injecting, and monitoring CO2 into suitable geological formations for long-term storage. It addresses technical, regulatory, and legal aspects necessary for the successful implementation of CO2 storage projects. 2. Secondary Recovery Unit Agreement: This agreement focuses on using CO2 injection techniques to enhance the recovery of oil and gas from geologically mature fields that have reached their natural production decline. By injecting CO2 into these reservoirs, the oil and gas recovery can be significantly increased. The agreement covers the rights, obligations, and financial arrangements among the parties involved in the secondary recovery project, including the CO2 supplier, operating companies, and landowners. Both types of agreements address key elements such as: 1. Regulatory Compliance: The agreements ensure adherence to all applicable federal, state, and local regulations regarding CO2 storage and secondary recovery operations. This includes obtaining necessary permits, complying with reporting requirements, and following environmental and safety standards. 2. Liability and Indemnification: The agreements define the liability and indemnification provisions to manage risks associated with CO2 storage and secondary recovery operations. They outline the responsibilities of each party in case of accidents, spills, or any other incidents that may occur during the project implementation. 3. Data Sharing and Monitoring: The agreements establish the requirements for data collection, sharing, and monitoring during CO2 storage and secondary recovery operations. This includes seismic monitoring, well integrity testing, and data reporting ensuring the safety and effectiveness of the projects. 4. Operations and Maintenance: The agreements detail the operational procedures, maintenance requirements, and ongoing surveillance necessary to ensure the long-term integrity of the storage or recovery operations. They may also include provisions for periodic reviews and assessments to evaluate project performance. The Michigan Carbon Dioxide Storage and Secondary Recovery Unit Agreement, whether focused on CO2 storage or secondary recovery, ultimately aims to foster the development and implementation of sustainable energy practices while promoting economic growth in the state. Through these agreements, Michigan can reduce its carbon footprint, enhance energy production, and contribute to the global efforts to combat climate change.