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In sum, the constitutionality of a curfew ordinance depends on the purpose for which it is enacted, and depending on the jurisdiction, whether the law carves out an exception for First Amendment activities (eliminating the possibility of arrest) vs. an affirmative defense (to assert post-arrest).
Many States have laws enabling localities to enact curfew ordinances, with Georgia, Minnesota, Ohio, Tennessee, and Texas recently enacting laws of this sort, ing to NCSL. Only Hawaii has enacted statewide curfew legislation.
In Nunez v. City of San Diego (1997), the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals ruled that to survive judicial scrutiny, a curfew law generally must contain an exception for minors who are engaged in First Amendment?protected activities, such as political events, death penalty protests, or religious services.
(a) It is a curfew violation for a child fifteen (15), sixteen (16), or seventeen (17) years of age to be in a public place: (1) between 1 a.m. and 5 a.m. on Saturday or Sunday; (2) after 11 p.m. on Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, or Thursday; or (3) before 5 a.m. on Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, or Friday.
BOSTON ? The Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court today struck down the criminal provisions of a Lowell ordinance that made it illegal for kids under 17 to be out between 11pm and 5am. The law allowed police to arrest youth who were out late, even if they were not doing anything wrong.
Curfew generally refers to restricting an offender to his home during specified times, usually during the evening hours. Under home confinement or home detention, the offender is confined to the home for most hours, with stated exceptions for school, work, religious services, medical or drug?
Some courts have even overturned juvenile curfew laws despite the parental permission exceptions. A juvenile curfew is unconstitutional in its enforcement because of its disproportionate impact on minority communities.
Juvenile curfews are often applied in a discriminatory fashion. There is ample evidence to show that street policing affects people of color in a disproportionate way. Just like ?stop and frisk,? curfews can also disproportionately impact homeless people and those trying to escape an abusive home life.