Massachusetts Motion to Dismiss Foreclosure Action and Notice of Motion

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Multi-State
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US-02684BG
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Description

The Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (which most states have adopted in one form or another), state in effect that it is not necessary to file an answer to a complaint until a motion to dismiss has been ruled upon by the court. One way to begin arguing against the plaintiffs foreclosure action without filing an answer addressing the entire complaint is to file a motion to dismiss based on the plaintiffs inability to bring the lawsuit in the first place. Defendants can state that the plaintiff has not shown it even owns the mortgage and therefore has no claim to any of the defendant borrower's property. If the plaintiff does not have a right to collect the mortgage payments and foreclose, it is not the party in interest and may not legally bring a foreclosure lawsuit against the owner.


If the mortgage or note with assignment proof is not attached to the complaint, the plaintiff may have trouble showing it is legally allowed to foreclose on the subject property. Simply filing a copy of the original mortgage or deed of trust may not suffice. Some courts have held that the plaintiff must produce evidence that it is the current owner and assignee of the original note and mortgage.


No matter what defenses are set forth in the motion to dismiss, defendants need to be aware that this tactic only puts the foreclosure on hold until the motion can be ruled upon. It does not stop foreclosure entirely, and the defendant will need to file an answer if the motion is denied.

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FAQ

The Rule 41(a) Notice of Dismissal is ?without prejudice? unless it expressly states otherwise. As the Rule unmistakably states: ?Unless the notice or stipulation states otherwise, the dismissal is without prejudice.? Fed. R. Civ.

Under Rule 41 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, a plaintiff may voluntarily dismiss its claim ?without prejudice? prior to service by the defendant of an answer or motion for summary judgment, whichever occurs ?rst.

Rule 41(b)(2) provides for involuntary dismissal upon motion of the defendant on one of two grounds: (1) failure to comply with the rules or any order of the court; or (2) in an action tried without a jury, if, upon the facts and the law, the plaintiff has shown no right to relief.

That portion of the rule permits plaintiffs to voluntarily dismiss ?an action without a court order.? So plaintiffs can dismiss only entire actions under Rule 41(a)(1), and attempts to dismiss individual claims are ineffective.

Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 41(a) outlines the procedure for voluntary dismissals of ?an action? at the parties' request.

Rule 12 - Defenses and Objections-When and How Presented-By Pleading or Motion-Motion for Judgment on Pleadings (a) When Presented. (1) After service upon him of any pleading requiring a responsive pleading, a party shall serve such responsive pleading within 20 days unless otherwise directed by order of the court.

PRACTICE COMMENT: Rule 41(a)(1)(A) may be used to dismiss fewer than all plaintiffs or defendants from an action. There is no standard form for this purpose. Plaintiffs should construct an appropriate notice or stipulation identifying the case and the party to be dismissed.

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Massachusetts Motion to Dismiss Foreclosure Action and Notice of Motion